guilty的释义,guilty的翻译、助记、读音、用法、例句

guilty的释义,guilty的翻译、助记、读音、用法、例句

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●词性:形容词 (约99%)

♬英/ˈɡɪlti/ 美/ˈɡɪlti/

⊕1、(法律上)有罪的

→Legally responsible for committing a crime

使用率:高频(约54%)

用法:

作表语时需接 be found/declared guilty(强调判决结果)

作定语时直接修饰名词(the guilty person)

必须搭配 of 接具体罪行(guilty of theft)

常用搭配:

plead guilty(认罪)

found guilty(被判有罪)

guilty verdict(有罪判决)

例句:

The jury found him ☞guilty☜ of fraud after a two-week trial.

(陪审团经两周审理判他欺诈罪成立。)

She pleaded ☞guilty☜ to avoid a longer sentence.

(她认罪以避免更重刑期。)

The ☞guilty☜ party must compensate the victims.

(有责方需赔偿受害者。)

Evidence proved they were ☞guilty☜ beyond doubt.

(证据确凿证明他们有罪。)

If declared ☞guilty☜, he could face ten years in prison.

(若定罪,他或面临十年监禁。)

The judge announced the defendant ☞guilty☜ of embezzlement.

(法官宣布被告犯贪污罪。)

Three suspects were identified as ☞guilty☜.

(三名嫌疑人被确认为罪犯。)

"Innocent until proven ☞guilty☜" is a fundamental legal principle.

(“未经证实即为无罪”是基本法律原则。)

⊕2、内疚的;自责的(情感)

→Feeling responsible for wrongdoing or failure

使用率:高频(约40%)

用法:

常作表语(feel/look guilty)

接 about 表原因(guilty about lying)

接 that 从句(guilty that I forgot)

常用搭配:

feel guilty(感到内疚)

guilty conscience(良心不安)

guilty expression(愧疚表情)

例句:

He felt ☞guilty☜ about missing his daughter’s graduation.

(他因错过女儿毕业典礼而内疚。)

Her ☞guilty☜ look revealed she ate the last cookie.

(她心虚的表情暴露了偷吃最后一块饼干。)

I’m ☞guilty☜ that I didn’t help when you were sick.

(你生病时未帮忙,我深感自责。)

Don’t waste food—I always feel ☞guilty☜ throwing it away.

(别浪费食物,丢弃时我总内疚。)

She had a ☞guilty☜ conscience after hiding the truth.

(隐瞒真相后她良心不安。)

Parents often feel ☞guilty☜ for working long hours.

(父母常因长时间工作对孩子愧疚。)

His ☞guilty☜ silence confirmed he broke the vase.

(他心虚的沉默证实了打碎花瓶。)

Even small lies make her feel intensely ☞guilty☜.

(即使小谎言也让她极度自责。)

⊕3、应受谴责的(道德过失)

→Deserving blame for moral failure

使用率:低频(约5%)

用法:

多修饰抽象名词(guilty neglect)

隐含社会或道德批判

常用搭配:

guilty secret(不可告人的秘密)

guilty pleasure(罪恶的快感)

例句:

Binge-watching dramas is my ☞guilty☜ pleasure.

(刷剧是我的罪恶乐趣。)

The media is often ☞guilty☜ of spreading misinformation.

(媒体常因传播不实信息受谴责。)

He confessed his ☞guilty☜ secret after decades.

(数十年后他坦白隐秘。)

☞Guilty☜ neglect by authorities worsened the crisis.

(当局失职加剧危机。)

Avoiding taxes is a ☞guilty☜ act against society.

(逃税是危害社会的可责行为。)

●词性:名词 (约0.1%)

♬英/ˈɡɪlti/ 美/ˈɡɪlti/

⊕1、<古旧> 罪犯;有罪者

→A person who has committed a crime

使用率:罕见(约0.1%)

用法:

可数名词(a guilty / the guilties)

古旧用法,现代英语多用 criminal 替代

例句:

In old texts, "the ☞guilty☜" referred to convicted prisoners.

(古籍中“有罪者”指已定罪囚犯。)

The court separated the innocent from the ☞guilty☜.

(法庭区分无辜者与罪犯。)

◆总结→

◎核心词性:形容词(绝对主导)

◎高频场景:

• 司法判决(法庭/陪审团裁决)

• 日常心理(过失后的自责)

• 道德批判(社会行为问责)

◎学习重点:

• 区分法律有罪(guilty of + 罪行)与情感内疚(guilty about + 行为)

• 掌握固定法律短语(plead guilty)

◎使用要点:

1. 介词精准性:

法律:☞guilty☜ of murder(犯谋杀罪)

情感:☞guilty☜ about forgetting(因忘记而内疚)

2. 名词限制:现代英语避免单独用 a guilty 指人(改用 a guilty person)

◎易错点:

• 与 *culpable* 混淆:

Guilty:通用(法律/情感)(He was found ☞guilty☜ in court 法庭判他有罪;She felt ☞guilty☜ 她感到内疚)

Culpable:仅指责任归属(The company is ☞culpable☜ for pollution 公司对污染负有责任)

• 与 *ashamed* 混淆:

Guilty:侧重过错责任(☞Guilty☜ for hurting others 因伤害他人而愧疚)

Ashamed:强调羞耻感(☞Ashamed☜ of poor grades 因成绩差而羞耻)

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